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New research · Ophthalmology
Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 16h
StudyJournal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2025

Urbanization Inequalities on the Incidence of Intraocular Cancers in Iran: An 11-Year Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Study.

Sare Safi, Zahra Khorrami, Mohadese Ahmadzade … Saeed Karimi
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OphthalmologyStudy

Greater urbanization associated with lower intraocular cancer incidence in males

Urbanization Inequalities on the Incidence of Intraocular Cancers in Iran: An 11-Year Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Study.

Sare Safi … Saeed Karimi
Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2025
Background

To report the relationship between urbanization and the incidence of intraocular cancers in Iran.

Purpose

To report the relationship between urbanization and the incidence of intraocular cancers in Iran.

Methods

In this retrospective ecological study, data were extracted from the Statistical Center of Iran, the Meteorological Organization, and the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR, 2006-2016).

Results
β = -0.14
in men, more urbanized areas had lower rates of intraocular cancer
More results

The mean total 11-year age-standardized incidence rate of intraocular cancers was 0.093 per 100,000 population.

The mean age-standardized incidence rate showed a decrease of 0.051 per 100,000 from 2006 to 2016 ( P = 0.022).

More results

Retinoblastoma (66.1%) and uveal melanoma (24.6%) were the most commonly diagnosed intraocular cancers, and their age-standardized incidence rate declined between 2006 and 2016.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Urbanization was associated with a reduction in age-standardized incidence rate of intraocular cancers, which can be attributed to improved access to eye care facilities for timely diagnosis.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

However, given that the INPCR cases were verified only by histology, future research should be conducted on hospital-based registries using multiple data sources to address confounders and exposure factors and prevent underestimation of incidence rates.

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