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New research · Ophthalmology
The Medical journal of Malaysia · 16h
Cohort studyThe Medical journal of Malaysia · 2025

Factors associated with mortality among retinoblastoma patients in Malaysia: A retrospective cohort study.

Z Nor-Aizura, N Wan-Arfah, N N Naing … M A Salowi
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OphthalmologyCohort study

Bilateral retinoblastoma linked to nearly 4-fold higher mortality risk than unilateral disease.

Factors associated with mortality among retinoblastoma patients in Malaysia: A retrospective cohort study.

Z Nor-Aizura … M A Salowi
The Medical journal of Malaysia · 2025
Background

Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular cancer worldwide.

Purpose

The present study aims to identify the associated factors that predict mortality among retinoblastoma patients in Malaysia.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on retinoblastoma patients diagnosed between January 2004 and April 2023 at hospitals with paediatric ophthalmology services in Malaysia.

Results

bilateral (both-eye) disease meant nearly 4-fold higher risk of death

AHR by subgroup · 95% CI
null = 1
multivariable Cox regression model
3.64
longer lag time
4.03
More results

Of these, 22 (5.5%) patients died, while 353 (87.8%) were alive and under follow-up at the end of the study, and 27 (6.7%) were lost to follow-up.

The univariable Cox regression model identified laterality, lag time, and recurrence as the associated factors.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

This study found that bilateral and longer lag time were independent prognostic factors associated with higher mortality among retinoblastoma patients in Malaysia.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

These results highlight the utmost importance of early diagnosis and access to appropriate treatment to improve survival outcomes for retinoblastoma patients.

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