Diagnostic performance of optical coherence tomography-derived structural parameters in differentiating pediatric papilledema from pseudopapilledema.

Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements derived from optical coherence tomography demonstrate meaningful diagnostic value in differentiating papilledema from pseudopapilledema in pediatric patients and may serve as a useful adjunct to clinical evaluation, particularly in diagnostically uncertain cases.

In contrast, PHOMS and BMO measurements did not reliably distinguish between these entities. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and refine clinically applicable diagnostic thresholds.