Dosimetric feasibility of carbon-ion radiotherapy for ocular melanomas with local effect model-based treatment planning system.

The 3D gamma passing rate between treatment planning system and MC was ≥94% using 3%-3 mm criteria.

Mean dose deviations between the treatment planning system and measurement were ≤±1.61% for all targets sizes except the smallest one (7 mm).

Mean distance-to-agreement was <1 mm for all plans except one with a range shifter (distance-to-agreement = 2.92 mm).

Phantom cases showed a lateral penumbra of 5.4-6.2 mm, and distal dose fall-off measures 3.6 and 5.6 mm.