Maternal smoking during pregnancy: a risk factor for early childhood ophthalmologic conditions.

Among 50 778 infants, 2830 (5.6%) were exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy.

First-trimester exposure showed stronger associations with any ophthalmic condition (adjusted OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.33, p=0.034) and strabismus (adjusted OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.07, p=0.008).

Exposure throughout pregnancy showed the strongest associations with any ophthalmic condition (adjusted OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.57, p=0.005), congenital anomalies (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.37, p=0.045) and inflammatory/infectious diseases (adjusted OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.63, p=0.002).

Refractive errors showed no significant difference.