Comparative performance of chatgpt and gemini in diagnostic classification and clinical reasoning for open-angle glaucoma: a standardized scenario-based study.

Overall diagnostic accuracy was 85.4% for GPT-5.3 and 75.0% for Gemini (P = 0.306).

For classification consistency, κ values were 0.675 for GPT-5.3 and 0.628 for Gemini.

Error pattern analysis indicated that Gemini was more prone to overdiagnosis and reasoning inconsistency, whereas GPT-5.3 was relatively conservative.

Both models had low rates of unsafe outputs, though Gemini showed a slightly higher proportion.