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New research · Ophthalmology
Clinical & experimental optometry · 4d
Cohort studyClinical & experimental optometry · 2026

Cumulative incidence of myopia and risk factors in rural south India: results from the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study III.

Winston D Prakash, Rohit C Khanna, Srinivas Marmamula … Gullapalli N Rao
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OphthalmologyCohort study

Myopia developed in 8% of rural south Indian adults over 15 years of follow-up.

Cumulative incidence of myopia and risk factors in rural south India: results from the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study III.

Winston D Prakash … Gullapalli N Rao
Clinical & experimental optometry · 2026
Background

Myopia is becoming a major public health condition affecting 30-35% of the global population and is expected to affect 50% by 2050.

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the 15-year cumulative incidence and risk factors of myopia among participants of the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study.

Methods

Underwent a comprehensive eye examination, including dry refraction.

n = 2,071 participants
Results
8.0%
checked eyes over 15 years; developed new nearsightedness needing correction, not present at start
n = 2,071 participants
More results

Of 7,771 baseline participants, 5,395 (69.4%) were examined at follow-up.

The incidence was higher in younger females (9.9%) than males (6.1%), but it was higher in older males (10.4%) than females (5.5%).

More results

In multivariable analysis, female gender and residence at Mahabubnagar and Adilabad districts were risk factors among those <30 years, whereas current alcohol consumption was a significant risk among ≥30 age group.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Although the overall estimates were similar between younger and older participants, in the latter, the incidence may be linked to residual nuclear sclerosis.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Future studies should consider including other modifiable risk factors associated with myopia, which could aid in developing suitable intervention strategies to address the rising global prevalence.

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