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New research · Ophthalmology
Risk management and healthcare policy · 4d
Cross-sectionalRisk management and healthcare policy · 2026

Convergence-Related Visual Symptoms Across Occupations with Varying Near Visual Demands: A Cross-Sectional Study with Implications for Healthcare Policy.

Saeed Aljohani
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OphthalmologyCross-sectional

Technology professionals had highest odds of symptomatic convergence insufficiency among occupations studied

Convergence-Related Visual Symptoms Across Occupations with Varying Near Visual Demands: A Cross-Sectional Study with Implications for Healthcare Policy.

Saeed Aljohani
Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026
Background

Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common binocular vision disorder associated with visual discomfort during near tasks, yet occupational differences in convergence-related symptoms remain poorly understood.

Purpose

Therefore, this study aimed to compare convergence-related symptom burden across eight occupational categories using the validated Arabic Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey) and to identify which occupational groups show the greatest symptom burden.

Methods

Represented eight occupational categories.

n = 751 participants
Results

tech workers were over twice as likely to have eye-strain symptoms as health workers

OR by subgroup · 95% CI
null = 1
technology professionals
2.16
engineers
2.11
students
2.03
More results

The overall mean Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey score was 16.9 ± 10.7, and 268 participants (35.7%) met the symptomatic threshold.

Increasing age was associated with symptomatic status (OR 1.04 per year, p< 0.001), whereas gender was not significant (p= 0.158).

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Convergence-related symptoms are common in working-age adults and show occupational variation after adjustment for demographic factors.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Occupations with sustained near visual demands may warrant targeted vision screening and clinical evaluation for convergence insufficiency, supporting the integration of visual health into occupational health policies and preventive healthcare strategies.

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