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ReviewOphthalmology · 2025

Instrument-Based Screening for the Detection of Amblyopia and Amblyopia Risk Factors: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Julius T Oatts, Megan E Collins, Kara M Cavuoto … Melinda Y Chang

OphthalmologyReview

Instrument screening sensitivity for amblyopia risk factors varied widely across studies.

Instrument-Based Screening for the Detection of Amblyopia and Amblyopia Risk Factors: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Julius T Oatts … Melinda Y Chang

Ophthalmology · 2025

Purpose

To review the published literature on the diagnostic accuracy of instrument-based screening devices used to detect amblyopia and amblyopia risk factors (amblyopia risk factors).

Methods

The panel methodologist assigned a level of evidence rating to each of the included studies.

n = 072 children

Results

Devices identified 32.3% to 100% of children with amblyopia risk factors.

32.3%

Sensitivity

38.7%

Specificity

More results

All 33 articles (which reported results from 28 072 children) were rated level III.

Results from 28 072 children were reported, and most studies focused on children aged 6 years and younger.

More results

Examination failure thresholds varied, but most studies after 2013 followed the 2013 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus) guidelines.

“

Conclusion · 1 of 2

The best available evidence supports the use of instrument-based screening devices to detect amblyopia and amblyopia risk factors, although there were high levels of variability in the study design, setting, and target age for screening.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Additionally, diagnostic accuracy varied on the basis of the screening device used.

Post

Instrument-Based Screening for the Detection of Amblyopia and Amblyopia Risk Factors: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Instrument screening sensitivity for amblyopia risk factors varied widely across studies.

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