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New research · Dermatology
NPJ digital medicine · 1w
StudyNPJ digital medicine · 2026

FairGen: preference-aligned diffusion for demographically equitable medical image synthesis.

Zhimin Li, Ruichen Zhang, Zhen Tan … Tianlong Chen
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DermatologyStudy

FairGen made skin image synthesis far more demographically fair while keeping accuracy

FairGen: preference-aligned diffusion for demographically equitable medical image synthesis.

Zhimin Li … Tianlong Chen
NPJ digital medicine · 2026
Background

Medical imaging is central to modern diagnostics, and artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence) systems are increasingly used to support image-based analysis by improving efficiency, accuracy, and access to care.

Results

Fairness across demographic groups improved 95.9% for skin images, accuracy maintained

95.9%
skin images
80%
chest radiography
35.2%
brain MRI
More results

However, inequities in healthcare access and differential disease prevalence create severe demographic imbalances in clinical image data.

Artificial intelligence models trained on such imbalanced data risk perpetuating diagnostic bias and widening healthcare disparities.

“
Conclusion

Clinician-facing expert review and external validation on independent cohorts further support that these gains extend beyond standard fidelity metrics and are not confined to the original in-distribution datasets.

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