Cancer Risk in Clinically Recognized Celiac Disease: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Cohort studyMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)· Jun 2026

Cancer Risk in Clinically Recognized Celiac Disease: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Reem Zabit, Ahmad Shibly, Jamal Zidan … Ismaell Massalha

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OncologyCohort studyPrognosisQ1IF 6.0

Clinically recognized celiac disease is associated with a higher rate of invasive cancer

Cancer Risk in Clinically Recognized Celiac Disease: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Reem Zabit … Ismaell Massalha

Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · Jun 2026 · Q1 in General Medicine

Background

Celiac disease (celiac disease) is common, but its cancer-risk profile remains incompletely defined.

Methods

We used longitudinal electronic health record (electronic health record) data from Clalit Health Services for a propensity-matched cohort.

n = 8143 individuals

Results

people with celiac disease developed invasive cancer more often than matched people without it

HR 1.68 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.14)

null 1

1.31

2.14

CI excludes the null - significant

More results

The primary matched cohort included 8143 individuals: 1006 with celiac disease and 7137 controls, contributing 49,330.5 person-years.

Strongest signals were hematological malignancy codes (HR 1.99), lymphoma codes (HR 1.90), and gastrointestinal (gastrointestinal) cancer codes (HR 2.71).

More results

Associations persisted after one-year and two-year lags.

In the dated-event sensitivity cohort (161 celiac disease; 1610 controls), celiac disease remained associated with invasive cancer (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.31-2.14), with the strongest signals for lymphoma (HR 2.81) and gastrointestinal cancer (HR 2.25).

“

Conclusion · 1 of 2

In clinically recognized celiac disease, cancer hazard was elevated and category-specific, concentrated in hematological, lymphoid, and gastrointestinal codes with a gut-oriented T-cell lymphoma signal.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

The findings support targeted clinical vigilance, not expanded screening, and describe relative associations that require registry-linked confirmation.

Cancer Risk in Clinically Recognized Celiac Disease: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Cancer Risk in Clinically Recognized Celiac Disease: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

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