Ophthalmic Drug Shortages in the United States: Survey of the University of Utah Drug Information Service Drug Shortage Database.

On average, ophthalmic medications accounted for 15% of active shortages at any given time.

Systemic and locally delivered medications were represented equally; most shortages were of anti-infective medications (35%) and steroids (26%).

The leading causes of ophthalmic medication shortages were unknown (63%), manufacturing problems (20%), and supply and demand mismatch (10%).