Increased Risk for Ocular Surface Neoplasia in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant.

Cohort studyAmerican journal of ophthalmology· Jun 2026

Increased Risk for Ocular Surface Neoplasia in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant.

Forest Lin, Curtis E Margo, Edgar M Espana

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CorneaCohort studyClinical practiceQ1IF 4.2

Immunosuppressive therapy is associated with higher odds of ocular surface neoplasia.

Increased Risk for Ocular Surface Neoplasia in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant.

Forest Lin … Edgar M Espana

American journal of ophthalmology · Jun 2026 · Q1 in Ophthalmology

Purpose

Recipients of solid organ transplants (solid organ transplants) undergo long-term immunosuppressive therapy, placing them at a high risk for developing skin cancer.

Methods

AND CONTROLS: We included individuals ≥ 18 years of age receiving oral or intravenous tacrolimus, cyclosporine, sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil or sodium, everolimus, or azathioprine.

n = 43,580 individuals

Results

people on immunosuppressive therapy had a higher risk of developing eye surface cancer

OR by subgroup · 95% CI

More results

There were 46 (0.11%) new cases of OSSN in the exposure cohort and 20 (0.05%) cases in the control cohort.

Sensitivity analyses requiring additional instances of medication exposure (OR 3.67 [95% CI 1.94 to 6.95]) or controlling for other indications of immunosuppressive therapy (OR 1.70 [95% CI 1.06 to 2.74]) showed consistent results.

More results

Excluding all recipients of solid organ transplants resulted in no significant association with OSSN (OR 1.31 [95% CI 0.64 to 2.69]).

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Conclusion

Recipients of solid organ transplants who undergo immunosuppressive therapy experienced a significantly increased risk of developing OSSN. Appropriate ophthalmological monitoring for OSSN in these populations is recommended.

Increased Risk for Ocular Surface Neoplasia in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant.

Increased Risk for Ocular Surface Neoplasia in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant.

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