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New research · Neurology
Seizure · 23h
Cohort studySeizure · 2026

Electroclinical and behavioral outcomes of add-on ethosuximide in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (D/EE-SWAS): A prospective observational study.

Ashutosh Sahu, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Rajni Sharma … Naveen Sankhyan
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NeurologyCohort study

Add-on ethosuximide is associated with seizure freedom in children with D/EE-SWAS.

Electroclinical and behavioral outcomes of add-on ethosuximide in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (D/EE-SWAS): A prospective observational study.

Ashutosh Sahu et al. · Seizure · 2026
Purpose

To evaluate the electroclinical and behavioral outcomes, and tolerability of add-on ethosuximide in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (D/EE-SWAS) and to identify predictors of treatment response.

Methods

This prospective, single-center, observational cohort study included children aged 4-18 years with D/EE-SWAS receiving add-on ethosuximide at a tertiary pediatric neurology center.

Results
children with D/EE-SWAS achieved freedom from seizures after taking ethosuximide
More results

The median age at diagnosis of D/EE-SWAS was 6 years (range 1-10 years).

EEG improvement occurred in 29/39 (74.4%), including complete normalization in 8/39 (20.5%).

Complete EEG normalization was more frequent in idiopathic compared with structural D/EE-SWAS (41.2%vs 4.5%, p = 0.01).

More results

Significant improvement was observed across SDQ domains, including total difficulties, emotional symptoms, hyperactivity, conduct problems, peer problems, and impact scores (all p < 0.001).

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Add-on ethosuximide was associated with favorable electroclinical and behavioral outcomes in children with D/EE-SWAS and was generally well tolerated.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

EEG normalization was more likely in idiopathic disease, while behavioral improvements were observed across etiologic groups. Controlled studies are needed to define the role of ethosuximide within the therapeutic strategy for D/EE-SWAS.

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