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New research · Cardiology
Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 1d
Cohort studyFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026

Unveiling a J-shaped association between the triglyceride-glucose index and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study of 1,065 patients.

Yikang Xu, Jia Liu, Yang Yang … Stephen E Greenwald
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CardiologyCohort study

Medium triglyceride-glucose index is associated with higher in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events.

Unveiling a J-shaped association between the triglyceride-glucose index and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study of 1,065 patients.

Yikang Xu et al. · Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026
Purpose

This study was designed to investigate the dose-response relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the occurrence of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to examine whether a nonlinear association pattern exists.

Methods

This single-center retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled 1,065 patients diagnosed with type 1 AMI who underwent coronary angiography at the Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, between June 2022 and June 2025.

n = 1,065 patients
Results

medium triglyceride-glucose index means much higher odds of serious heart problems during hospitalization

OR by subgroup · 95% CI
null = 1
did not change significantly
1.04
124%
2.24
More results

The overall incidence of in-hospital MACE was 21.13%.

Notably, the T2 group exhibited a significantly higher incidence (26.04%) compared to the T1 group (16.76%, p = 0.011).

More results

Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a significant J-shaped relationship between the TyG index and the risk of in-hospital MACE, with an inflection point identified at TyG = 9.05.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 3

This study demonstrates a significant J-shaped nonlinear association between the TyG index and the risk of in-hospital MACE, with an identified inflection point at 9.05.

Conclusion · 2 of 3

Notably, patients with a medium TyG level (T2 group) exhibited the highest MACE risk, which was significantly greater than that of patients with a low TyG level (T1 group).

Conclusion · 3 of 3

This finding challenges the conventional linear perception that a higher TyG index consistently correlates with greater risk.

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