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New research · Rheumatology
Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 1d
Cohort studyRheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026

Characterizing arthritis subtypes in lupus: prevalence, clinical features, and role of type I interferon signatures.

Pankti Mehta, Fadi Kharouf, Virginia Carrizo-Abarza … Zahi Touma
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RheumatologyCohort study

Female sex is associated with higher odds of Jaccoud's arthropathy in lupus patients.

Characterizing arthritis subtypes in lupus: prevalence, clinical features, and role of type I interferon signatures.

Pankti Mehta et al. · Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026
Background

Arthritis is a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Purpose

Arthritis is a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

In this observational cohort study at the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic (July 1970-August 2024), arthritis was defined clinically as non-deforming arthritis (NDA), Jaccoud's arthropathy (JA), and arthritis with clinically irreducible deformities (CIDA).

n = 2264 patients
Results

female patients had over twice the odds of Jaccoud's arthropathy (a deforming joint condition)

OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.08)
null = 11.031.08
CI excludes the null - significant
More results

Among 2264 patients, 1248 (55.1%) had arthritis: 908 (72.6%) had NDA, 239 (19.2%) JA, and 101 (8.1%) CIDA.

In patients with available IFN scores (n = 475), CIDA was associated with a low IFN signature in unadjusted analysis, whereas both JA and NDA had a high IFN signature.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Distinct clinical and serologic patterns differentiate JA and CIDA, suggesting unique underlying mechanisms of deforming arthritis in SLE.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Both NDA and JA exhibited a high IFN signature, while CIDA showed a higher joint burden, lower disease activity, and lower IFN signature relative to NDA.

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