Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assistance on Diagnosing Traumatic Pneumothorax: A Comparison of…

AI / informaticsAcute medicine & surgery· Jan 2026

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assistance on Diagnosing Traumatic Pneumothorax: A Comparison of Specialist and Non-Specialist Emergency Physicians.

Keisuke Suzuki, Kaede Hiruma, Kazuyuki Miyamoto … Kenji Dohi

AI in MedicineAI / informaticsDiagnosis

Artificial intelligence assistance was associated with improved diagnostic accuracy for traumatic pneumothorax.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assistance on Diagnosing Traumatic Pneumothorax: A Comparison of Specialist and Non-Specialist Emergency Physicians.

Keisuke Suzuki … Kenji Dohi

Acute medicine & surgery · Jan 2026

Background

Supine chest radiography is routinely used in trauma care; however, its sensitivity is limited in pneumothorax detection.

Purpose

We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence-assisted image interpretation in traumatic pneumothorax detection among emergency medicine specialists and non-specialists.

Methods

In this retrospective single-center study, 34 supine chest radiographs (17 pneumothorax and 17 non-pneumothorax cases confirmed with computed tomography) were interpreted by 20 emergency medicine physicians (10 specialists and 10 non-specialists).

n = 34 supine chest radiographs

odds ratio 2.37

Results

odds ratio 2.37

Artificial intelligence assistance more than doubled the chances of correctly identifying a collapsed lung from injury

n = 34 supine chest radiographs

More results

Artificial intelligence assistance significantly improved sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy across participants, whereas specificity and precision were not significantly affected.

Specialists demonstrated higher baseline sensitivity and accuracy than non-specialists.

More results

Additionally, the interaction between artificial intelligence assistance and physician specialist status was significant ( p = 0.010).

“

Conclusion

Artificial intelligence-assisted interpretation of supine chest radiographs is a potentially useful decision-support tool for detecting traumatic pneumothorax in emergency settings.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assistance on Diagnosing Traumatic Pneumothorax: A Comparison of Specialist and Non-Specialist Emergency Physicians.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assistance on Diagnosing Traumatic Pneumothorax: A Comparison of Specialist and Non-Specialist Emergency Physicians.

Related papers