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New research · Endocrinology
Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2d
Systematic reviewLangenbeck's archives of surgery · 2026

Incidental parathyroidectomy risk in thyroid carcinoma patients undergoing thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Binzhu Wang, XiaoYi Long, Jianguo Chen, Shu Liu
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EndocrinologySystematic review

Malignant thyroid pathology is associated with higher odds of incidental parathyroidectomy.

Incidental parathyroidectomy risk in thyroid carcinoma patients undergoing thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Binzhu Wang et al. · Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2026
Background

Incidental parathyroidectomy (IP) is an important complication of thyroidectomy, and its risk may differ between malignant and benign thyroid pathology.

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the association between malignant thyroid pathology and the risk of IP in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

n = 25,134 controls
Results

patients with thyroid cancer have higher odds of accidental parathyroid gland removal

OR by subgroup · 95% CI
null = 1
odds of IP than benign thyroid pathology
1.58
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
1.29
papillary thyroid carcinoma
1.29
or follicular carcinoma
0.70
More results

In subgroup analyses, no statistically significant associations were observed for Hashimoto's thyroiditis (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.95-1.74), papillary thyroid carcinoma (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.90-1.83), or follicular carcinoma (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.41-1.19).

More results

Sensitivity analysis showed that the overall findings were robust, and Egger's test did not indicate significant publication bias.

“
Conclusion · 1 of 2

Malignant thyroid pathology was modestly associated with IP; however, substantial heterogeneity, residual confounding, and reliance on crude observational data suggest malignancy may primarily reflect operative complexity rather than an independent causal risk factor.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

Findings should therefore be interpreted as exploratory associative evidence.

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