Rita Ehrlich - research

All eyes with fovea-off RRD demonstrated retinal displacement, whereas 82% of fovea-on cases were displaced.

Inferior displacement was the predominant direction (80%), most commonly oriented inferotemporally.

Silicone oil tamponade was associated with reduced displacement severity and a higher rate of superior displacement compared with gas tamponade (P < 0.01).

Intraoperative perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) use was significantly associated with horizontal macular stretch (P = 0.04).

Poor anatomical outcome occurred in 6.3% (n = 4), with 2 eyes requiring surgery.

Mean spherical equivalent was -5.04 (±5.13) D.

Corneal curvature and lens thickness were significantly higher in the study group (p < .001).

Central macular thickness was greater in ROP eyes (311.97 μm vs 252.57 μm; p < .001).

Out of 10,829 retrieved citations, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria.

Infectious etiologies included herpetic uveitis (pooled proportion 11.40%, 95% CI 7.45-17.04%), cytomegalovirus (3.09%, 95% CI 1.01-9.06%) and tuberculosis (5.10%, 95% CI 2.58-9.83%).

Non-infectious causes, such as sarcoidosis (5.21%, 95% CI 2.78-9.55%) and HLA-B27-associated uveitis (6.05%, 95% CI 3.35-10.71%), also contributed substantially.

High heterogeneity (I 2 > 75%) was noted across most etiologies, likely reflecting variable study populations, diagnostic criteria, and geographic factors.

Forty-three underwent temporal flap and 22 an inverted flap 360° around the hole.

0.43 ± 0.33 [20/54], P = 0.222).

Despite treatment with three intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections, the CNV demonstrated limited response and progressive enlargement, leading to poor final visual outcome.

We present a case where a minimally invasive injection of 100% sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) into the anterior chamber (AC) successfully reversed refractory hypotony secondary to ciliary body shut-down.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 72-year-old male with advanced pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and a nonfunctioning trabeculectomy presented with hypotony, decreased vision, a deep AC, and 360° serous choroidal effusions.

Given the refractory course, 100% SF6 gas was injected into the AC.

All eyes exhibited neovascular flow signal on OCTA images.

Nineteen eyes (95%) showed flat-irregular pigment epithelium detachment (flat irregular pigment epithelium detachment [FIPED]).

Subretinal fluid (SRF) was detected in 90% of patients with no intraretinal fluid.

Membranes were mostly located at the subfoveal area (65%).

The classification data set contained 330 images, and the localization data set included 659 images.

For GA localization, YOLOv8-Large achieved 91% sensitivity, 91% precision, IoU of 84%, and DICE coefficient of 88%.

All patients had ocular comorbidities, mainly glaucoma (n = 6) and pseudoexfoliation syndrome (n = 5).

Best corrected visual acuity improved from a median of 6/30 (0.7 logMAR) to a median of 6/12 (0.35 logMAR) (p = 0.06); postoperative astigmatism measured 0.91 ± 2.19 diopters.

UBM demonstrated well-balanced PCIOL fixation with no difference between the horizontal and vertical tilt measurements (p = 0.84; p = 0.94; p = 0.62; p = 0.085).

There was a high negative correlation between BCVA improvement and residual lens tilt (r = -0.76, p = 0.037).

Mean age was 86.72 ± 7.18.

Third of the patients improved in ≥2 lines from presentation, all in the group of the pneumatic and TPA displacement.

There was no statistical difference between the groups.

Significant associations for the development of posterior synechia were surgery for retinal detachment, longer surgery duration (>93 min) and the use of tamponade, in particular silicone oil.

The study included 68 eyes of 58 patients.

Among them, 24 eyes were treatment-naïve, and the remaining eyes had received a mean of 19.6 injections.

Immature lesions were more associated with treatment-naïve eyes and hyper-mature lesions were associated with previously treated eyes (p = 0.005).

Vascular density of the neovascular membrane was higher in the treatment-naïve group (p = 0.036) and the average MNV area was similar between the 2 groups (p = 0.683).

The cohort included 106 eyes of 102 patients.

No other complications related to the absence of prophylactic corneal sutures were encountered during surgery or follow-up.

Overall follow-up time was longer in the PPV group (median 4.9 vs 3.28 years, p = 0.005).

The hemorrhage was displaced in a similar percentage of patients in the tPA-and-gas group (n = 40, 78.4%) and the PPV group (n = 45, 80.4%) (p = 0.816).

Visual acuity (in LogMAR) was similar in the two groups prior to the diagnosis of subretinal hemorrhage but better in the tPA-and-gas group at the end of follow-up (p < 0.001).

She was diagnosed with macular detachment secondary to optic nerve head pit in her right eye and bilateral chorioretinal coloboma.

The most common indications for surgery in the NPDR group were ERM (67%) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (12.5%), while in the PDR group, indications were vitreous hemorrhage (56%) and tractional retinal detachment (19%).

There were no statistically significant differences in intra- and postoperative complication rates between the NPDR and PDR groups, even after adjusting for confounders; patient age at surgery and indication for surgery.

A total of 86 eyes of 85 consecutive patients, with mean age of 80.31 ± 8.06 and mean best-corrected visual acuity of 1.17 ± 0.58 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution.

Two different subtypes of FTMHs were identified: tractional and degenerative.

Fifty (58%) degenerative FTMHs characterized with inverted trapezoid appearance and 36 (42%) tractional FTMHs characterized with hourglass appearance.

The presence of epiretinal membrane and pigment epithelium detachment where significantly higher in tractional FTMHs (P = 0.02, 0.03, respectively).

Conversely, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for dislocated fragments of lens material, age > 70 years, gender, axial length, degree of surgeon, corneal suturing, and anterior chamber lens implantation were not found to have significant associations with low visual outcomes ( P > 0.05).

Overall, six consecutive patients (2 males, mean age 19.5 ± 9.74 years) were identified and studied.

Most common eye injuries included corneal erosion (n=4), traumatic hyphema (n=4), and retinal edema (n=3).

Mean initial logMAR visual acuity in the injured eye was 0.73 ± 0.18, improving to 0.25 ± 0.16 at the final visit (P = 0.125).

Two patients underwent eye surgery due to their trauma: one to repair globe penetration and another to undergo intravitreal injection of tissue plasminogen activator and C3F8 for submacular hemorrhage, followed 8 months later by intravitreal bevacizumab injection for choroidal neovascularization.

Patients received a mean (±SD) of 7.9 ± 3.5 bevacizumab injections before enrolment.

Twenty (46%) eyes met the treat-and-extend criteria and received a mean (±SD) of 10.9 ± 2 aflibercept injections.

The experiment was repeated 45 times for each camera; 3 times for each of 3 mask types, on 5 volunteers, for a total of 90 trials.

Air leaks were detected with all investigated mask types.

The mean h-index amongst all subspecialties was 9.87 ± 13.90, and the mean average annual increase in h-index was 0.22 ± 0.21.

The mean number of papers published was 37.20 ± 80.08 and the mean number of authors on each paper was 3.39 ± 0.84.

The least fertile subspecialty with regards to research was cataract with 11.06 ± 27.65 mean number of papers, a mean h-index of 3.89 ± 5.84, and a mean annual increase in h-index of 0.11 ± 0.11.

There was a statistically significant difference between patients with and without ERM postoperatively in preoperative best corrected visual acuity (median logMAR 1.9 vs 0.3, respectively; P =0.003) rate of macula-off (69.6% vs 37.5%, respectively, P =0.028), and rate of ≥5 cryo-applications (55.6% and 18.8%, respectively, P =0.039).

ERM developed mainly between the 1 st and 3 rd months of follow-up.

Macula-off status increased the risk of ERM, with the odds ratio of 3.81 ( P =0.031).

Patients received a mean (±standard deviation) of 8.8 ± 4.9 intravitreal bevacizumab injections prior to the switch to intravitreal ranibizumab.

A mean of 7.0 ± 2.7 intravitreal ranibizumab injections were given during the 12 months following the switch to intravitreal ranibizumab.

The median central subfield retinal thickness (±interquartile range) by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography decreased from 436 ± 162 µm at baseline to 319 ± 113 µm at month 12 (p < 0.001).

Median logMAR visual acuity (±interquartile range) improved from 0.40 ± 0.48 at baseline to 0.38 ± 0.40 at month 12 (p = 0.001).

The cohort included 30 patients, of whom 11 (36.7%) underwent intraoperative PFC injection.

Rates of macula-off RRD were similar in the two groups (54.5% and 47.4%, P = .705).

No association was found between PFC injection and metamorphopsia score.

Preoperative macula-off RRD was associated with significantly higher vertical and horizontal metamorphopsia scores than preoperative macula-on.

In the study group, staining for tPA was detected in the deep retinal layers in all eyes.

The staining was deeper and more intense at 3 and 24 h than at 48 h.

There was no tPA staining in the retina of eyes injected with saline.

The duration of perfluorocarbon tamponade ranged from 6 to 13 days (mean ± SD 10 ± 2 days).

Follow-up time ranged from 3 to 44 months (mean ± SD 11 ± 11 months).

Retinal reattachment was achieved intraoperatively in all patients.

Repeated detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy occurred in one patient (8%), who underwent repeated vitrectomies.

Massive influx of CD11+ inflammatory cells, involving the anterior and posterior chambers, was observed in the murine eyes 24 h after the IL-8 or TNF-α injections.

Cells excreted to their surroundings an extracellular net-like structure positive for NE, MPO, and H3Cit.

H3Cit staining was abolished with the DNase I treatment, indicating the presence of extracellular DNA in the net-like structures.

The mean number of prior bevacizumab injections was 5.5±2.9.

The mean visual acuity improved from 60.3±10 ETDRS letters at baseline to 63.1±15 letters at week 28 (P=0.02, paired t-test).

Twenty-two eyes had three to five prior bevacizumab injections (mean 5.1±0.7), and 25 eyes had six to nine prior injections (7.32±1.2).

Both groups had reduced CST from baseline to week 28 (P=0.0004 and P=0.0007; paired t-test, respectively).

The mean number of intravitreal bevacizumab injections was 7.3 ± 2.8, and of intravitreal ranibizumab injections 5.11 ± 2.4.

The change in VA was statistically significant (p = 0.044) in those eyes where the pretreatment acuity for the second-line therapy was <20/40 (logMAR 0.3).

CMT decreased from 435.95 ± 83.28 to 373.69 ± 44.39 µm (p = 0.01).

The number of ranibizumab injections was significantly correlated with the change in CMT (p = 0.037).

The etiology of sustained ocular hypertension following intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF agents is yet to be unraveled.

Bevacizumab (25 mg/ml) was injected intravitreally after 3 days.

Donkey anti-human IgG labeled with Alexa Fluor(®) 488 was used for bevacizumab immunoreactivity detection.

Anti-CD31 antibody was used as a marker for Schlemm's canal endothelial cells.

Twenty-two cases of endophthalmitis occurred between the years 2000 and 2006, out of 26,663 cataract operations performed at the two centers, a rate of 0.083 %.

B-scan ocular ultrasonography is a noninvasive examination which makes it possible to image the eye and orbit.

ROP was diagnosed by routine ophthalmoscopic exam.

The results of the ophthalmoscopic exam were compared to the orbital ultrasound findings.

The mean age was 62 years.

Increased myopia and the presence of vitreous and/or retinal hemorrhage were associated with the presence of retinal tear(s) (P = 0.03 and P < 0.0001, respectively) at presentation.

Twenty-three of the presenting eyes and 2 of the fellow eyes had have retinal break(s) at the first clinic visit.

Of those, 14 eyes were found not to have a visible Weiss ring.

Group A had a mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA of 0.63 ± 0.33 and 0.51 ± 0.31 preoperatively and 3 months after surgery, respectively.

Group B had a mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA of 0.47 ± 0.17 and 0.36 ± 0.17 preoperatively and 3 months after surgery, respectively.

No significant difference was found between the groups in change of VA.

The difference in macular thickness reduction between the groups was statistically significant.

At 1 day after treatment, complete clearance of the fibrin reaction was observed in 32 patients (80%) and partial clearance in 8 (20%).

Mean visual acuity improved from 0.61±0.38 logMAR before treatment to 0.45±0.37 logMAR 1 month later (p=0.06).

There were no statistically significant differences in improvement in visual acuity and fibrinolysis rate by time of r-tPA injection after surgery (10-15 days, n=16 vs 16-49 days, n=24).

There were no cases of increased intraocular pressure or endophthalmitis following the procedure.

The functional outcome is poor despite various treatment options, including laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy, and a variety of surgical procedures.

We report a case of iatrogenic choroidal neovascularization in a 69-year-old woman at the site of inadvertent retinal trauma 5 weeks after an epiretinal membrane peel.

We included 184 patients in this study.

The mean age was 65.6 years (SD 13.2) and 46% were male.

Entry site breaks were not linked to the gauge of the instruments, but retinal breaks were more common in 23-gauge surgeries, although this was not statistically significant.

One rhegmatogenous retinal detachment occurred in the postoperative period.

The large majority of patients (70.4%) were referred due to glaucoma, ocular hypertension or suspected glaucoma.

Most of the patients had threshold strategies: FastPac 24-2 or 30-2 (88.9%), Full Threshold (0.7%), and 10-2 (0.5%).

In only 7 patients was short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) performed.

The Swedish Interactive Testing Algorithm (SITA) was applied in 1.0% of cases.

All patients reported a subjective improvement in vision and had complete resolution of subretinal fluid at 6 months.

Mean baseline IOP was 16.5 ± 3.4 mmHg.

Adjunctive dorzolamide therapy significantly decreased vascular resistance in the ophthalmic artery (p = 0.02).

Mean diastolic BP and OPP were significantly lower after adjunctive therapy.

There were no changes in retinal microcirculation between the two phases of treatment.

One hundred and sixteen patients with OAG [mean age 65.9 y (SD 10.9 y), 60% female] were examined in both baseline visits.

In the CRA, the intraobserver ICC for the PSV and RI were both above 0.8, whereas the EDV was 0.64.

The intraobserver ICC in the N/TPCA for the PSV, EDV, and RI ranged from 0.71 to 0.88.

The interobserver ICC was similar to the intraobserver ICC for the OA and the CRA but was lower than 0.7 in the EDV and RI of the T/NPCA.

IOP values obtained by DCT and GAT showed a strong positive correlation in patients with OAG (r=0.93; P<0.001).

Mean IOP measured with DCT [18.4 (5.1) mm Hg] was significantly higher (P<0.001) than GAT IOP measurements [16.5 (4.5) mmHg].

The Bland-Altman data showed that the amount of disagreement between IOP assessment techniques varied, suggesting a proportional bias.

Seven patients received additional treatment based on the underlying condition.

Mean macular thickness on optical coherence tomography decreased from 394 +/- 116 microm to 254 +/- 52 microm (P < 0.01).

Mean visual acuity improved from 0.87 +/- 0.74 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution to 0.38 +/- 0.63 (P = 0.005).

The mean baseline IOP was 14.8 ± 3.5 mm Hg.

Mean IOP following bimatoprost monotherapy (12.8 ± 2.9 mm Hg) and after 2 months of dorzolamide adjunctive therapy (12.2 ± 2.6 mm Hg) were not statistically significantly different (p=0.544).

Only at the 4:00 h time point was IOP significantly reduced using the bimatoprost/dorzolamide combined treatment (p=0.013).

Repeated analysis of variance detected a significant decrease of vascular resistance in the OA (p=0.0167) with adjunctive dorzolamide treatment.

Mean age and number of injections were 72.9 +/- 11.99 years, and 2 +/- 0.81 respectively.

In eight patients with CRVO, initial visual acuity was logMAR 1.09 +/- 0.67 and mean visual acuity at 1, 3 and 6 months was logMAR 0.98 +/- 0.55 (p = 0.59), 1.33 +/- 1.05 (p = 0.4) and 1.4 +/- 1.2 (p = 0.34) respectively.

In eight patients with BRVO, initial visual acuity was logMAR 1.025 +/- 0.58 and mean visual acuity at 1, 3, and 6 months was 0.56 +/- 0.21 (p = 0.05), 0.61 +/- 0.17 (p = 0.03) and 0.66 +/- 0.34 (p = 0.12) respectively.

No statistically significant differences in visual field or nerve fiber layer thickness were observed between the treatment groups during 12 months of therapy.

Mean increase over 1 year of treatment in ocular perfusion and diastolic perfusion pressures were 10.46% and 10.67% in the DTFC group and 7.47% and 5.61% in the LTFC group, respectively.

OA resistive index (RI) and SPCA RI were significantly different at the 12 months visit between the two treatment groups (p=0.05 and p=0.000, respectively): DTFC treatment showed decrease in the RI.

The average number of bevacizumab injections was 6.8 injections/year.

The group included 100 neonates (194 eyes) with a mean birth weight +/- SD of 833.9 +/- 250.3 g and a mean gestational age +/- SD of 26 +/- 1.9 weeks.

Each eye received a mean +/- SD of 1,740 +/- 990 laser applications, and 21% of eyes received an additional 1 to 2 rows posterior to the ridge.

Neonates treated after December 2003 (cutoff date of the Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity study) underwent a significantly greater number of laser applications (mean +/- SD, 2,286 +/- 1,087) than did neonates treated earlier.

Refractive data were available for 134 eyes: 55.2% had myopia of -5 diopters (31.3%) or greater (23.9%).

Thirty-two eyes were treated previously with photodynamic therapy.

Snellen visual acuity improved from 20/150 to hand movements (mean logMAR 1.34 +/- 0.29) to 20/50 to counting fingers (mean logMar 1.2 +/- 0.42) (P = 0.003, paired t-test).

Visual acuity improved by> or =3 lines in 12 eyes (25%); showed no change in 9 eyes (19%); and deteriorated by > or =3 lines in 4 eyes (8.3%).

Mean central retinal thickness (measured in 22 eyes) decreased from 324 +/- 121 mum to 264 +/- 65 mum (P = 0.02, paired t-test).

From postoperative day 1 to day 28, rates of chemosis decreased from 96% to 9.5% in the lomefloxacin group and from 94% to zero in the chloramphenicol group; rates of hyperemia decreased from 100% to zero in both groups.

Accordingly, rates of a cumulative clinical sign score (CCSS) decreased from 60% to zero in the lomefloxacin group and 50% to zero in the chloramphenicol group.