Kara M. Cavuoto - research works

Six studies were rated level I, and 9 studies were rated level III.

Most level III evidence studies (5/9) reported outcomes using tacrolimus drops or ointment.

Apart from application site discomfort, the studies reported no significant adverse events.

The authors report a case manifesting solely with progressive ocular motility restrictions and diplopia.

Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansile lesion occupying the right posterior ethmoid cavity with right orbital involvement.

Surgical resection reduced the tumor size.

The studies included infants who were treated and followed over a 17-year period from 2006 through 2022 in 39 countries.

The most common neurodevelopmental test used was the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, used in 13 studies (50%).

The age at assessment ranged from 0 months corrected age to 12 years, where most studies (n = 14 [54%]) included testing of infants younger than 24 months of age.

Across regions, total coverage was 45 of 82 ophthalmologists (54.9%) in the Northeast, 31 of 59 (52.5%) in the South, 29 of 72 (40.3%) in the West, and 24 of 74 (32.4%) in the Midwest.

Coverage in the Midwest was lower than in the Northeast (difference, -0.22; 95% CI, -0.42 to -0.02; P = .03).

Across 49 identified languages, only Spanish (mean adjusted ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.28-1.00]) and Vietnamese (mean adjusted ratio, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.05-1.67]) were present in every region with consistent underrepresentation.

A total of 375 patients (mean age 64 ± 14 years; 50.4% female) were treated with Iodine-125 plaque brachytherapy.

The incidence of sensory-deprivation related strabismus was 3.7% (14/375).

Those with worse baseline visual acuity and greater tumor distance from the optic disc had lower odds of diplopia (P = .005 and P = .026, respectively).

Superior rectus muscle manipulation (P = .010), younger age (P = .045), and moderate (P = .022) or severe (P = .045) vision loss were associated with increased odds of developing strabismus.

All studies showed less myopic progression, with changes in spherical equivalent (SE) ranging from 0.22 to 0.81 diopters (D) for multifocal soft contact lenses compared with 0.50 to 1.45 D in control groups who used single-vision spectacles or single-vision contact lenses over the course of at least 1 year.

The difference in change between the groups was clinically modest and statistically significant in 11 studies for SE and in all 12 studies for AL.

No serious adverse events were reported in any of the studies.

All 33 articles (which reported results from 28 072 children) were rated level III.

Results from 28 072 children were reported, and most studies focused on children aged 6 years and younger.

Examination failure thresholds varied, but most studies after 2013 followed the 2013 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) guidelines.

For the 21 studies that reported the referral rate (percentage of children who failed based on the screening result), the rate varied significantly (2.26%-63%).