Positive End-Expiratory Pressure and Atelectasis after Bronchial Blockade One-Lung Ventilation in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Study.

In one-lung ventilation using bronchial blockers performed during thoracoscopic lobectomies in infants, applying positive end-expiratory pressure at 5 to 6 cmH 2 O combined with 100% oxygen ventilation after the removal of the bronchial blocker until extubation was associated with improved oxygenation and did not appear to increase the risk of atelectasis during emergence from anesthesia.

However, further studies are needed to evaluate the safety of this strategy.