Utility of prostate-specific antigen density and its correlation with Gleason grade groups: a hospital-based…

Cross-sectionalBMC urology· Mar 2026

Utility of prostate-specific antigen density and its correlation with Gleason grade groups: a hospital-based cross-sectional study among patients with prostate-related urinary symptoms at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.

Ngutunyi Jackson, Edrick Elias, John Igenge … Peter Rambau

Genitourinary PathologyCross-sectionalQ2IF 2.4

Prostate-specific antigen density predicts prostate cancer with high accuracy in cross-sectional study

Utility of prostate-specific antigen density and its correlation with Gleason grade groups: a hospital-based cross-sectional study among patients with prostate-related urinary symptoms at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.

Ngutunyi Jackson … Peter Rambau

BMC urology · Mar 2026 · Q2 in General Medicine

Background

At Bugando Medical Centre, prostate cancer contributes to 39% of all cancers in male patients admitted to the Oncology department, and the majority have high Gleason grades.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study among patients with prostate-related urinary symptoms at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.

n = 287 patients

Results

Area under curve near 1.0 shows PSA density strongly discriminates cancer from benign disease.

86.9%

Sensitivity

82.4%

Specificity

More results

Of the 287 patients, the overall mean age of 71.2 (± 10.2) years.

99 (34.5%) participants were diagnosed with prostate cancer.

The prostate-specific antigen density optimal cut-off was 0.23ng/ml2, giving sensitivity of 86.9% and specificity of 82.4% for prostate cancer prediction.

More results

Using this cutoff reduces prostate biopsies by 54.5%.

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Conclusion · 1 of 2

The correlation between prostate-specific antigen density and Gleason grade groups observed in this study suggests that higher prostate-specific antigen density is associated with more aggressive cancer.

Conclusion · 2 of 2

This makes prostate-specific antigen density a valuable tool in guiding biopsy decisions, risk stratification, and treatment planning in patients with prostate-related urinary symptoms.