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Paper

Sepsis risk in patients with COPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus: influence of emerging antihyperglycemic therapies.

New research · Internal Medicine

Expert review of respiratory medicine · 4w

Cohort studyExpert review of respiratory medicine· Aug 2026

Sepsis risk in patients with COPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus: influence of emerging antihyperglycemic therapies.

Kuan-Chih Kuo, Chao-Hsien Chen, Ting-Jia Wu … Vin-Cent Wu

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EndocrinologyCohort studyTreatmentQ2IF 3.1

GLP-1 receptor agonists associated with lower sepsis risk than SGLT2 inhibitors

Sepsis risk in patients with COPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus: influence of emerging antihyperglycemic therapies.

Kuan-Chih Kuo … Vin-Cent Wu

Expert review of respiratory medicine · Aug 2026

Background

With chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of sepsis, yet the comparative infection-related outcomes of newer antihyperglycemic agents remain unclear.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX global federated database, individuals aged 40-100 years with coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and T2DM who initiated a GLP-1RA or SGLT2i between 2021 and 2024 were identified.

n = 45,491 pairs

Results

sepsis risk lower with GLP-1RAs than SGLT2 inhibitors

HR 0.83 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.89)

null 1

0.78

0.89

CI excludes the null - significant

“

Conclusion

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and T2DM, GLP-1RAs were associated with significantly lower risks of sepsis and all-cause mortality compared with SGLT2is.

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