The interaction between illness perception and intrinsic capacity during hospital-to-home transition in older adults with COPD and diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

(1) Trajectory analysis: Illness perception total scores showed a consistent and significant decreasing trend across the three time points ( p < 0.001), while intrinsic capacity total scores exhibited a slight but significant linear decline ( p = 0.010).

(2) Dynamic associations: The random-intercept cross-lagged panel model revealed significant bidirectional negative associations between illness perception and intrinsic capacity during the T0-to-T1 phase ( β = -0.21, β = 0.18, both p < 0.05).