Scoping review of deep learning research illuminates artificial intelligence chasm in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.

Searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases identified 3236 articles of which 444 met inclusion criteria.

Publications increased exponentially from 2012-2022 across 48 countries and were most concentrated in otology and neurotology (28%), most targeted extending health care provider capabilities (56%), and most used image input data (55%) and convolutional neural network models (63%).